Species and Biological Characteristics of Gall Insects on Phyllostachys violascens 'Prevernalis’ in Hangzhou City，Zhejiang Province

【Objective】 In this study，the damage of gall-induced pests in Phyllostachys violascens 'Prevernalis’ forests in Hangzhou city，Zhejiang province was investigated，and the biological characteristics of gall insects were studied，which could provide a basis for developing efficient control technology of gall-induced pests. 【Method】 In the study，sampling method was used to investigate the damage of gall-induced pests. Indoor rearing methods and bioassay methods were used to study the biological characteristics of the species composition，quantitative characteristics，and eclosion rhythms in gall insects. 【Result】 The results showed that the damage ratio of gall-induced pests in Ph. violascens 'Prevernalis’ forest exceeded 85.00%，and the average insect population exceeded 18.35 per disc of branch. In the study，four species of gall-induced pests，Tetramesa bambusae，T. phyllostrachitis，Aiolomorphus rhopaloides and Procystiphora sp. were reared from the galls of Ph. violascens 'Prevernalis’. The individual numbers of T. bambusae and T. phyllostrachitis accounted for 96.20% of the total，which were the most important gall-induced pests on Ph. violascens 'Prevernalis’. The initial egg load and egg size of T. bambusae were larger than those of T. phyllostrachitis，but the lifespan of female T. bambusae was shorter than that of T. phyllostrachitis. Seven species of parasitic wasps，Eupelmus urozonus，Homoporus japonicas，H. sinensis，Ormyrus punctiger，Sycophila flava，Norbanus longifasciatus and N. aiolomorphi，survived in the galls of Ph. violascens 'Prevernalis’. E. urozonus had the largest number of parasitic wasps. 【Conclusion】 T. bambusae and T. phyllostrachitis were the most important gall-induced pests on Ph. violascens 'Prevernalis’. Procystiphora sp. is a newly reported gall-induced pest of bamboo in Zhejiang Province. Seven parasitoid species survived in the galls of Ph. violascens 'Prevernalis’，which were important biological factors for inhibiting gall-induced pests，and these parasitic wasps should be protected and fully utilized.