2023 Vol. 42, No. 3

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Study on the Stability of Chair Furniture Based on Finite Element Analysis
HUANG Peng-fei, LI Fang-fei, ZHANG Lei, LI Min
2023, 42(3): 1-8. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023011
Abstract(201) PDF(58)
Abstract:
【Objective】 The main purpose of this paper is to arouse readers’ attention to the stability of chair furniture，then improve the stability of chairs from the design stage. 【Method】 Taking the bow chair as an example，the author used modeling method，finite element analysis and test verification method to evaluate the stability. 【Result】 The evaluation results showed that the stability of the bow chair was unqualified. Combined with the theoretical analysis，the optimization design scheme was proposed. The finite element analysis results showed that the stability of the optimization scheme was significantly improved. The optimized design scheme was made into samples and tested, and the test results once again confirmed a significant improvement in stability.【Conclusion】 Based on two finite element analysis and experimental verification，it is concluded that using finite element analysis to improve the stability of chair is feasible.
Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Bamboo Flakes after Softening Treatment
CHENG Liang, TANG Rong-qiang, ZHANG Wei-gang, ZHANG Rui-hua, XU Yun-bing
2023, 42(3): 9-14. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022121
Abstract(192) PDF(69)
Abstract:
【Objective】In order to study the effects of different proportions of modifiers, glacial acetic acid concentration, treatment time and temperature on the bending strength, tensile strength and hardness of bamboo, to measure the changes of bending strength, tensile strength and hardness before and after modification, soa s to obtain the appropriate pencil plate treatment technology. 【Method】Bamboo was used as raw material and impregnated with glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The chemical composition and modification effect of modified bamboo were characterized by XRD, FTIR and TG. 【Result】The bending strength and tensile strength of modified bamboo decreased with the increase of temperature, glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide content, respectively. Compared with the control group, the bending strength and tensile strength of modified bamboo decreased by 44.5%, 59.9% and 44.81% respectively. The peak pyrolysis temperature of TG and DTG lagged behind, and the residue rate decreased, indicating that the content of glacial acetic acid increased, and some cellulose and hemicellulose were decomposed. XRD analysis showed that the crystallinity of modified bamboo decreased by about 1.5%, and the crystallinity decreases with the increase of treatment temperature. The enhancement of methyl and carboxyl absorption peaked at 1 250-1 377 cm-1 and hydroxyl absorption peaked at 3 415 cm-1 indicated the increase of hydrophilic groups in bamboo. 【Conclusion】 The optimal modifier concentration ratio was 1∶1, treatment temperature was 60 ℃, and treatment time was 24 hours.
Mosquito Repellent Activity and Component Analysis of Bamboo Vinegar and Its Animal Safety
DING Li-chao, CHEN Ming, TIAN Su-kui, YING Kun-zhen, CAI Sen-kang, WANG Xiao-jun, CHEN Fei
2023, 42(3): 15-21. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023023
Abstract(99) PDF(40)
Abstract:
【Objective】 Mosquitoes transmit terrible diseases that kill many people every year，increasing health care costs and reducing productivity. The by-product of bamboo charcoal production, Bamboo Vinegar (BV) has a large amount of surplus due to its limited use. Therefore，seeking new uses of BV to expand consumption has become an urgent scientific and technological demand in bamboo utilization industry chain. 【Method】 Several simple，practical and multidisciplinary methods were used to determine the repellent effectiveness of BV，including the Forearm skin Landing Test (FLT)，the lower Limb skin Landing Test (LLT) and Sucrose breeding bioassay (SBB). 【Result】 FLT results showed that 9.0% Acetic Acid Water Solvent (AAWS) and BV had strong protective effects against Aedes albopictus (94.9%)，while commercial liquid insecticide and 4.5% DEET had strong protective effects against A.albopictus (97.8%) and 90.8%，respectively. The results of LLT showed that BVS and AAWS had better protection against A. albopictus (97.6% and 85.2% to 97.5%，respectively，against 4.5%-9.0% AAWS) when using liquid electrothermal vapors. Commercial pesticide protection levels are 99.5%. SBB showed that mosquitoes were repelled by the smell of AAWS. No significant difference in the number of falling mosquitoes after BV (6.6% AA)，4.5% AAWS，9.0% AAWS and 4.5% DEET treatment，but difference in the number of mosquitoes after BV (6.6% AA)，4.5% AAWS，9.0% AAWS，DEET. The protection period in descending order was：DEET (75-90 min)=BV (75-90 min)>Formic acid (60-75 min)>AA (45-60 min)>Propionic acid (30-45 min)>Butyric acid (15-30 min)>Water (0 min). In addition，69 volatile substances were found by gas-mass spectrometry，including acids 9.00%，phenols 3.37%，ketones 2.21%，esters 1.97%，carbohydrates 0.81%，amines 0.76%，alcohols 0.37%，other organic compounds 0.81% and water 80.70%. The safety test showed that the micronucleus rate of mice bone marrow of BVwas negative. 【Conclusion】 BV may partially replace insecticides，DEET and essential oils as effective preparations for personal mosquito control.
Making Technique of High Quality Seasoned Shoot of Phyllostachys prominens
TANG Hua-qing, ZHANG Zhong-jun, HUA Ke-da, SUN Jiao-jiao
2023, 42(3): 22-26. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022082
Abstract(158) PDF(51)
Abstract:
【Objective】 Shoots of Phyllostachys prominens have excellent bamboo shoot characteristics，and the development of seasoned bamboo shoot products has improved their quality and value. In-depth exploration of economic，ecological，and cultural values，as well as promoting the typical significance of Ph. prominens shoots has typical significance.【Method】 This article describes the quality of characteristics shoots of Ph. prominens，introduces the production process and techniques，and discusses the application prospects of the bamboo shoot market. 【Result】 Using high-quality shoots of Ph. prominens as raw materials，nearly 30 processes such as raw material acceptance，grading，salting，cutting，grading，desalination and rinsing are used to produce a series of seasoned bamboo shoots suitable for different tastes and preferences at home and abroad，realize ready-to-eat readiness foreating when bag is torn and high-value processing，develop a mass bamboo shoot consumption market，meet the taste needs of different consumer groups for shoots of Ph. prominens，and enhance the value of bamboo shoots. 【Conclusion】 The development of seasoned bamboo shoots expands and extends the potential value of Ph. prominens. By carrying forward tradition，promoting innovation，and combining with the development of rural tourism and leisure activities，the bamboo shoot economy in rural areas can be further developed.
Study on the Growth Characteristics，Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Precious Species Interplanted under Phyllostachys edulis Forest
WANG An-ke, CHAI Qing-hui, ZHU Yu-lan, WU Xue-ling, TANG Hui, WU Jia, ZHAO Yi-ming, ZHU Wei-rong, BI Yu-fang, FANG Hong-feng, HUANG Yun-feng
2023, 42(3): 27-32. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023035
Abstract(95) PDF(56)
Abstract:
【Objective】 To study the growth characteristics，physiological and biochemical characteristics of the precious tree species under the Phyllostachys edulis forests，and provide theoretical reference for the interplantation of the precious tree species and construction of the mixed forest under the Ph. edulis forests. 【Method】 The Ph. edulis forests with continuous concentration and consistent site conditions were selected. 1 800 bamboo plants·hm-2 were retained，the same specifications of three precious tree species such as Ormosia hosiei，Phoebe chekiangensis and Cinnamomum japonicum were selected for interplantation，with a planting density of 300 trees·hm-2. After planting for about 2 years，the growth data，leaf photosynthesis parameters，chlorophyll content，soluble sugar content，soluble protein content，malondialdehyde content and antioxidant system activity under different treatments were analyzed. 【Result】 Among the three tree species，the growth (ground diameter and seedling height) from high to low were C. japonicum，O. hosiei and P. chekiangensis. The Pn，Gs，Ci and Tr of O. hosiei were higher than those of the other two species. The contents of chlorophyll a，b，a+b in leaves and the concentration of carotenoid quality from high to low were O. hosiei，P. chekiangensis and C. japonicum. The activities of POD and CAT in O. hosiei were significantly higher than those in P. chekiangensis and C. japonicum，but no significant difference in SOD activity was observed. MDA of P. chekiangensis was significantly higher than that of O. hosiei and C. japonicum，and the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar in C. japonicum were the highest. 【Conclusion】 O. hosiei has good ecological adaptability to the environment of the Ph. edulis forests and is an excellent precious tree species suitable for interplantation under the Ph. edulis forests.
Response of Non-structural Carbon and Aboveground Biomass Allocation of Phyllostachys edulis in the Cutting Zone to Fertilization Patterns
LI Shi-kun
2023, 42(3): 33-39. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022127
Abstract(87) PDF(38)
Abstract:
【Objective】 Through analyzing the non-structural carbohydrates of the leaves and aboveground organ biomass of neonatal bamboo in the cutting zone，the best fertilization mode was sought to improve the resistance of bamboo to the disturbance of strip cutting. 【Method】 In this study，the orthogonal experimental design was adopted (the reserved zone of the first strip cutting was used as the current cutting zone，and the cutting zone of the first strip cutting was used as the current reserved zone)，and the experiments of three factors and three levels, i.e.the cuttingstrip width，the rare earth fertilizer dosage and the ratio of compound fertilizer to biochar fertilizer were carried out, so that the non-structural carbohydrate of the leaves and aboveground organ biomass of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) under different fertilization modes were analyzed. 【Result】 The results showed that the cuttingstrip width was an important factor affecting the soluble sugar and aboveground biomass of bamboo leaves of the cutting zone.【Conclusion】 The best fertilization mode to improve the resistance of bamboo leaves to strip cutting was A2B2C2，that is，8 m，35 kg·hm-2 rare earth fertilizer dosage，and 7∶3 ratio of compound fertilizer to biochar fertilizer.
Research Effects of Different Canopy Densities on the Growth of Chimonobambusa utilis Planted under the Deciduous Soft Broad-leaved Forest
BAI Zu-yun, LI Chang-wei, ZHAO Jing, ZU Wan-qiao, WEI Hong-bing, WANG Kai
2023, 42(3): 40-44. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023020
Abstract(80) PDF(38)
Abstract:
【Objective】 In order to achieve the goal of scientifically selecting plots for planting bamboo under the forest，improving cultivation measures for bamboo under the forest，improving forest productivity，and promoting the development of the bamboo industry in Zhaotong City，Yunnan Province.【Method】 Chimonobambusa utilis forest planted under deciduous soft broad-leaved forests with different canopy densities was selected in Erxi Village，Taiping Town，Shuifu City，Zhaotong City，Yunnan Province. 5 clusters of Ch. Utilis were randomly selected to investigate the number of bamboo shoots，the diameter of bamboo shoots，the number of bamboo plants，the diameter and height of bamboo. 【Result】 The results showed that the influence on the number of shoots and bamboo plants was as follows：canopy density 0.3>canopy density 0.9>canopy density 0.6. The influence on the average ground diameter of bamboo shoots and bamboo ground diameter is as follows：canopy density 0.3>canopy density 0.6>canopy density 0.9. The results of the impact on bamboo height were as follows：canopy density 0.6>canopy density 0.9>canopy density 0.3. 【Conclusion】 The following conclusions can be drawn through analysis：there is a negative correlation between the shoot and ground diameter of young bamboo forests in Jinfo Mountain and the canopy density of soft broad-leaved forests.The canopy density of soft broad-leaved forest is consistent with the number of shoots and bamboo，with the maximum at a canopy density of 0.3. The height of bamboo is the highest when the canopy density of soft broad-leaved forest is 0.6. Through F test at 95% reliability，the canopy density of soft broad-leaf forest has no significant impact on the number of shoots，bamboo shoot diameter，bamboo number，bamboo ground diameter and height.
Effect Analysis on Technology of Integrated Management of Water and Fertilizer for Bamboo Forests of Bambusa oldhamii for Shoot
LI Jian-hua, YUAN Jin-ling, YUE Jin-jun
2023, 42(3): 45-49. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023007
Abstract(117) PDF(83)
Abstract:
【Objective】In order to improve the cultivation and management level of Bambusa oldhamii forests for shoot. 【Method】The comparison between the technology of integrated management of water and fertilizer and the traditional management mode was carried out. 【Result】The results show that the technology of integrated management of water and fertilizer can effectively advance the shooting period by 10 days, increasing the yield by 38.47% and the economic benefit by 51.45% respectively. 【Conclusion】The technology of integrated management of water and fertilizer can effectively improve the economic benefits of B. oldhamii forests for shoot.
Practice and Industrial Development Countermeasures of Breeding Large Earthworms in Symbodial Bamboo Forests in Sichuan Province
LIAO Hong, CHEN Hui-lin, ZHAO Xiao-bao, NONG Xiang, LONG Wen-cong, WANG Han-yu, XIAO Xi-meng, FU Chun, YANG Yao-jun
2023, 42(3): 50-54. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023013
Abstract(95) PDF(27)
Abstract:
【Objective】 In order to explore the feasibility of breeding large earthworms in sympodial bamboo forests，and analyze the countermeasures for developing earthworm industry under the forests. 【Method】 The seedlings of large earthworms (Pheretima aspergillum) and water-retaining bamboo fiber bacteria were applied in the bamboo forests of Bambusa emeiensis，and the local small earthworms (Amynthas benignus) were used as a contrast. Regional comparison and repeated experiments were adopted as the method. 【Result】 The theoretical yield of large earthworms in sympodial bamboo forests in Sichuan reached 2 686 kg·hm-2 in 240 days，and the output value could reach 53 000 yuan·hm-2. The development of earthworm industry in bamboo forests has four advantages：shade，fewer pests，transformation of bamboo branches and leaves into earthworm medicinal materials，and green ecology. It needs to solve the two major problems of water supply and rapid degradation of bamboo branches and leaves. This study explores a new way for economic development under bamboo forests. 【Conclusion】 The development of under-forest earthworms in sympodial bamboo forests in Sichuan has the advantages of high yield and good economic benefits. It is recommended to scientifically plan earthworm industry in the bamboo forests，organize a special talent team to carry out scientific and technological research，and conduct in-depth research on the growth and development of under-forest earthworms，changes in medicinal value，and the mechanism of action on the physical and chemical properties of bamboo forest soil，soil nutrients，microbial diversity，litter decomposition，and stand growth，so as to provide technical support for the healthy development of under-forest earthworm industry and rural revitalization in the bamboo forests.
The Dilemma and Countermeasures of Abandonment and Natural Expansion in the Management of Phyllostachys edulis Forests in China
WEI Ling-ling, XING Si-yi, WANG Yi-xiang
2023, 42(3): 55-62. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023024
Abstract(292) PDF(41)
Abstract:
【Objective】 Phyllostachys edulis (Moso bamboo) forests play an important role in protecting national ecological security，ensuring national bamboo and timber supply，and promoting economic development in mountainous areas. This paper aims to address the structural issues highlighted in the management of bamboo forests under the new situation. 【Method】 By on-site research on the management of bamboo forests，and statistical methods，this paper analyzes data of previous national forest resources inventories. 【Result】 In this paper，we divide the management and development of China’s bamboo forests into periods of golden development and lagging development，sort out and summarize the two major difficulties faced in the management and development of bamboo forests，namely abandonment and natural expansion，then analyze the root causes and consequences of the above-mentioned two difficulties. 【Conclusion】 Finally，from the perspectives of both “on the mountain” and “off the mountain”，targeted measures and suggestions are proposed to implement the project of returning bamboo to forest，improve the modernization level of Moso bamboo forest management，increase the added value of bamboo shoots and products，develop projects to increase income from bamboo forest management and emission reduction by replacement with bamboo products，etc.，to achieve coordinated development of economic benefits and ecological functions in bamboo forest management，so as to let the various functions such as bamboo production and carbon sink in bamboo forests continue to be in full play.
Study on the Annual Variation Characteristics of Carbon Storage of Phyllostachys edulis Forests During the “13th Five-Year Plan” Period in Zhejiang Province
XIE Bing-lou, JI Bi-yong, WANGAn-ke, YAO Hong-wen, LUO Yi-bo, WU Xiao-nan, BI Yu-fang
2023, 42(3): 63-69. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023038
Abstract(81) PDF(26)
Abstract:
【Objective】 In order to effectively enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of bamboo forests and scientifically guide the management strategies in Zhejiang province，this study analyzed the changes in carbon storage of bamboo forests in Zhejiang province during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period.【Method】 This study focused on the Phyllostachys edulis in the sample plots of the annual forest resources monitoring in Zhejiang province from 2016 to 2020. By investigation and statistics of the carbon storage of the bamboo forests in the fixed and random sample plots，the dynamic changes in carbon storage of bamboo forests in Zhejiang province were analyzed.【Result】 (1) The overall indicators of bamboo forest area，total number of bamboo stands and number of standing bamboo culms show a steady growth trend，increasing from 807 100 hm2，2 978 880 000 stands and 3 413 stands·hm-2 in 2016 to 828 200 hm2，3 266 440 000 stands and 3 603 stands·hm-2 in 2020，respectively. (2)The carbon storage of treelayer increased from 24 551 900 t in 2016 to 28 782 300 t in 2020，with an average annual proportion of more than 92%. The proportion of carbon storage in shrub and herbaceous layer decreased from 7.05% in 2016 to 6.33% in 2020. (3) The carbon storage of bamboo has increased from 26 890 100 t in 2016 to 30 967 800 t in 2020. The overall estimation accuracy of carbon storage reached 90% and the proportion of forest carbon storage reached more than 98%.【Conclusion】 The research results have good assurance and high accuracy，which can timely reflect the dynamic changes in the carbon storage of bamboo in Zhejiang province. This study can provide data support for strategy analysis for bamboo resources management in Zhejiang province.
Exploration on How Chimonobambusa tumidissinoda Industry Development in Leibo County Tightly Links up with Rural Revitalization
HUANG Jian-yin
2023, 42(3): 70-75. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023031
Abstract(122) PDF(35)
Abstract:
【Objective】 By investigating and analyzing the total amount of Chimonobambusa tumidissinoda resources in Leibo County，Sichuan Province and the current conditions of their development and utilization，suggestions and countermeasures including realizing the sustainable development of Ch. tumidissinoda resources in Leibo County and closely linking consolidation of poverty alleviation to the construction objective of rural revitalization were summarized and proposed. 【Method】 By referring to the related literature，survey，discussion and investigation in the county，methods such as developing the good counties and cities with bamboo industry and experience obtained from Leibo County in its transformation of the low-efficiency forest of natural Ch. tumidissinoda were investigated and studied and the countermeasures were summarized and proposed. 【Result】 (1) Leibo County is rich in Ch. tumidissinoda resources，which are mainly distributed in 14 villages and towns，including Qingkou Township，Huanglang Town，and Xining Town and the total area is about 28 033 hm2. The altitude of the growth area of Ch. tumidissinoda in the county is 1 320-2 610 m. (2) There is no systematic operation and management of Ch. tumidissinoda resources in the county. As a result of excessive and disorderly harvesting of bamboo shoots and frequent activities of human and livestock，the quality of the forest stand has declined，the aging of the forest stand of Ch. tumidissinoda is serious，and the Ch. tumidissinoda forests in the county are basically low-yield and low-efficiency forests. (3) Ch. tumidissinoda is an excellent bamboo species for bamboo shoots and timber. The local market mainly sells fresh bamboo shoots，the bamboo stalks，tourism resources，humanistic sentiments and others of Ch. tumidissinoda have not been fully integrated，developed，and utilized. Besides，the processing level and processing technology are simple and out of date，consequently the added value of the product is low. 【Conclusion】 To realize the sustainable development and utilization of Ch. tumidissinoda resources and closely link consolidation of poverty alleviation to the objectives of rural revitalization，we should start from the actual conditions by making overall planning of developing Ch. tumidissinoda，carrying out reform of forest property system，developing of local technical standards，comprehensively transforming low-efficiency forest and artificial planting， training on management technology，increasing scientific research exploration，brand building，and integrated development of the “primary，secondary，and tertiary” industries.
Study on Recreation Satisfaction and Its Influencing Factors in Bamboo Park，A Case Study of Baizhu Garden at Dongchang Lake， Liaocheng City，Shandong Province
ZHENG Yan-xing, WANG Jie-hui, LI Dan, LU Xing-hui, ZHAO Hong-xia
2023, 42(3): 76-83. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022071
Abstract(77) PDF(30)
Abstract:
【Objective】 Baizhu Garden at Dongchang Lake is a bamboo park featured with bamboo resources，which is an important part of the landscape of Dongchang Lake scenic spot in Liaocheng City. It can provide certain reference and reference for the construction and safety management of leisure landscape in bamboo park. 【Method】 This study adopted the innovative research method of landscape quantitative model satisfaction and its influencing factors，retained the original data structure of questionnaire survey，and analyzed the landscape characteristic factors and credibility coefficient.【Result】 The survey showed that the reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.948，the average satisfaction score was 61.03，and the correlation values of latent variables were all greater than 0.5. The overall satisfaction was satisfactory，but the score was low，indicating that the landscape of Baizhu Garden still had a larger room for improvement.【Conclusion】 The study points out that to improve the satisfaction evaluation of the recreation users in bamboo parks，take measures to improve traffic safety，perfect basic services，meet diverse needs，optimize the bamboo garden and bamboo landscape，integrate into the characteristic culture and so on，accurately optimize the ornamental environment of bamboo parks. It brings new ideas and directions for bamboo park landscape construction and satisfaction improvement at later stage.
Study on the Influence of Personality Traits of Bamboo Farmers on Their Technology Adoption Behaviors，Take Soil Degradation Control Technology as an Example
XIA Jin-na, WANG Cheng-jun, FEI Xi-min, LI Lei
2023, 42(3): 84-92. doi: 10.12390/jbr2023021
Abstract(91) PDF(24)
Abstract:
【Objective】 In order to study the role of bamboo farmers’ personality traits，such as individual will and behavior，in the process of adopting bamboo soil degradation control technology. 【Method】 This paper，based on internal and external control personality trait theory，adopts 178 field survey data of bamboo farmers to conduct empirical analysis on the adoption behavior of bamboo soil degradation control technology by using Probit model. The robustness test was carried out with IVprobit model. 【Result】 The results showed that the personality traits of internal and external control were significantly correlated with farmers’ technology adoption behaviors. Compared with the external control group，the internal control group was more inclined to adopt soil degradation control technology. 【Conclusion】 Therefore，it is suggested that the government departments should fully consider the farmers internal and external control personality traits when they promote advanced agricultural technologies，so as to implement precise policies in carrying out relevant technical training and publicity to farmers.

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