2022 Vol. 41, No. 3

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Research Progress of Auditory Properties of Bamboo and Its Application in Indoor Environment
LI Xi-hui, LIAN Cai-ping, WU Zhi-hui, LI Yu-han, HUANG Feng-yu, PANG Xiao-ren
2022, 41(3): 1-8. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022046
Abstract(218) PDF(129)
Abstract:
The quality of indoor environment directly affects people's lives and health. In the context of replacing wood with bamboo, bamboo has been widely used in furniture and interior decoration, which casts a significant impact on the indoor environment. Because the acoustic condition is one of the essential components of indoor environment, it is of great importance to carry out research on the auditory characteristics of bamboo. This paper outlines the current research status of acoustic vibration, sound absorption and sound insulation of bamboo. It shows that bamboo has good acoustic vibration performance and sound absorption capacity, and is often used to produce musical instruments and sound absorbing panels. Its sound insulation effect, however, is limited because of the porous nature of bamboo. In addition, some suggestions are made for further research and improvement of the auditory properties of bamboo material based on its existing applications in interior decoration, which may provide some references for bamboo's applications in flooring, wall covering and other interior furnishings as sound insulation and sound absorption material. Through the analysis of the domestic and international research, it is imperative to elucidate the impacts of the macro- and micro-structure of bamboo on its sound absorption and insulation properties, and continue to improve the sound absorption and insulation performances of bamboo, so as to create a comfortable and healthy indoor acoustic environment.
Finishing Process of Bamboo Laminated Lumber for Furniture Using Waterborne Acrylic Acid Coating
CHEN Jie, YUAN Shao-fei, WANG Hong-yan, ZHANG Jian, YUAN Chao-zhe, LI Qin
2022, 41(3): 9-18. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022085
Abstract(163) PDF(45)
Abstract:
Waterborne acrylic acid (T1), self-cross-linked polyurethane modified waterborne acrylic acid (T2), and waterborne polyurethane-acrylic acid (T3) were applied to finish the bamboo laminated lumber for furniture, and the effects of different acrylic acid types, finishing methods, and coating amounts on the properties of the paint films were investigated. The results showed that the type of waterborne acrylic acid had an impact on the properties of the paint film. The surface drying time/hard drying time of primer and topcoats under T3 treatment were relatively shorter, with 8 mins/8.5 mins for primer, 7 mins/7.5 mins for first topcoat, and 6 mins/6.5 mins for second topcoat. The hardnesses of the paint films under T2 and T3 treatments were slightly higher than that under T1, which were both at grade B with the adhesion of grade 0. Therefore, T3, by comparison, yielded better performance. The effect of the coating method on the paint film's performance was not significant. The surface drying time/hard drying time of primer was 8 mins/8.5 mins, and the surface drying time/hard drying time of topcoat was 6.5 mins/7 mins. The hardness remained at grade B and the adhesion at grade 0. A better abrasion resistance of the paint film was achieved with one primer one topcoat finishing, which equaled to 51.24 mg·100 r-1. The coating amount had a significant impact on the properties of the paint film. The surface drying time/hard drying time of the paint film increased as the coating amount increased. The optimal adhesion (grade 0), hardness (grade B), and abrasion resistance (51.24 mg·100 r-1) were obtained when the coating amount was 80 g·m-2.
Visual Analysis of Functional Traits of Bamboo Based on CiteSpace
HU De-yue, LI Dan, ZHANG Zhong-feng, LI Xia, ZHANG Zhong-chao, LU Xing-hui, ZHAO Hong-xia
2022, 41(3): 19-26. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022051
Abstract(282) PDF(149)
Abstract:
Plant functional traits reflect the close relationship between plants and their environment，and can have corresponding effects on or responses to different environments. Using CNKI as a data source，the research progress，hotspots，trends and main research institutions of bamboo functional traits were visualized and analyzed by CiteSpace. The results showed that the main research institutions included the Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF)，the International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan (ICBR) and major forestry colleges and universities in southern China. The internal communication within teams was relatively intense，but the cooperation between teams occurred less frequently，and trans-regional and inter-organizational collaboration had yet to be strengthened. As for the keywords，ornamental bamboo，biomass，Moso bamboo forest，bamboo fiber，soil nutrient，drought stress and so on were highly centralized，which warranted more attention of scientists. The research hotspots were primarily concentrated on photosynthesis，rhizosphere soil nutrients and stress resistance. The research methods in the field of bamboo functional traits are quite sophisticated. As global climate change worsens，it may be promising in the future to reveal the local climate change and the community ecosystem function through bamboo functional traits.
Effect of Delignification Treatment on Bamboo Timber Color
KONG Ling-feng, ZHANG Shuang-yan, NIU Si-jie, WANG Chuan-gui, YANG Shun
2022, 41(3): 27-34. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022064
Abstract(265) PDF(53)
Abstract:
In order to realize more efficient utilization of bamboo cellulose in papermaking, craft manufacturing and other industrial production, bamboo timber from 1-year-old Phyllostachys edulis was taken as the research material. The effects of two delignification treatment methods (chlorite treatment and sulfite treatment) on the timber color were studied. The results showed that the delignification effects of both methods were positively correlated with the treatment time. The lightness value L* of chlorite-treated bamboo timber increased by 18.78% compared with untreated one; the lightness value L* of sulfite-treated bamboo decreased by 18.47% compared with untreated one. Red green axis chromaticity index a*, yellow blue axis chromaticity index b* and saturation difference ΔC of bamboo timber with chlorite treatment decreased with the increase of treatment time. The timber color turned to blue and green and became darker. The a*, b* and ΔC of bamboo timber with sulfite treatment increased gradually with the treatment time. The timber color changed to red and yellow and became brighter. The ΔE and ΔH of bamboo timber with both treatments showed a rising tendency with the increase of treatment time, but the ΔH with sulfite treatment showed a limited increase and no clear pattern.
Mechanical Properties and Selection of Tension Bamboo Strips Used in Structure Design Contest
WANG Yong-bao, ZHANG Zi-jian, SHI Jia-yu, NIE Yun-jing, DU Jing
2022, 41(3): 35-42. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022049
Abstract(458) PDF(151)
Abstract:
Tension bamboo strips are common structural elements in the National Structure Design Contest for College Students. At present，however，the research is scarce on the scientific selection of tension bamboo strips. Therefore，mechanical experiments were performed to study the tensile properties of bamboo strips with cross-sections of 1 mm×6 mm，2 mm×2 mm and 3 mm×3 mm commonly used in structure design contest. And the impacts of moisture content，weight，number of vascular bundles and planing treatment on the ultimate tension capacity were examined. The results indicated that the tensile strength of bamboo strips increased first and then decreased as the moisture content rose，and the optimal moisture content was 14%. For untreated bamboo strips，there was a linear relationship between the ultimate tension capacity and the weight；When the weights were similar，the tension bamboo strips could be selected by the number of vascular bundles and the color of bamboo. If part of bamboo strip with sparse vascular bundles was removed by planning and grinding，the weight was reduced and the load-to-mass ratio was improved. These results may serve as references for selecting tension bamboo strips in structure design contest.
Biomass Allocation and Estimation Models of Bashania faberi Clonal Ramets
ZHOU Shi-qiang, ZHOU Ji-qiu, HE Sheng-shan, LIU Dian, XIE Hao, HUANG Jin-yan
2022, 41(3): 43-50. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022077
Abstract(215) PDF(99)
Abstract:
By measuring the basal diameter，plant height and biomass of each aboveground part (stem，branch and leaf) of arrow bamboo (Bashania faberi) clonal ramets in Wolong area of the Giant Panda National Park，the allocation pattern and vertical distribution of the aboveground biomass were studied，and the allometric models were constructed based on the basal diameter (D)，culm height (H) and D2H to predict the biomass of each part and the whole ramet of different age groups. The results showed that the water content of ramets decreased as their age increased. Parts of ramets in the same age group，ranked in descending order of water content，were as follows，leaf，branch and stem. The vertical distributions of water contents of all parts were different. The water content of stems appeared to have a U-shape distribution，the water content of branches increased with the increase of height，and the water content of leaves showed a normal distribution. The biomass allocation among B. faberi ramets of different age groups showed a descending pattern as follows，perennial (3y/o and above)，2y/o and 1y/o，while the biomass allocation among different ramet parts of the same age group followed a descending order of stems，branches and leaves. The biomass of bamboo stems of all age groups decreased with the increase of height，while the biomasses of branches and leaves nearly followed a normal distribution. The basal diameter，plant height and D2H were significantly correlated with the biomass of each part and the whole ramet of different age groups，except for the leaves of 1y/o bamboo. The allometric models established with basal diameter，culm height and D2H as independent variables can provide reference for the estimation of the biomass of each ramet part of different age groups in similar areas.
Study on Introduction and Cultivation Adaptability of Indocalamus Plants in Chengdu Plain
YU Wei-qian, YUE Qi-ling, HE Rui, FENG Shi-han, JIANG Ming-yan
2022, 41(3): 51-62. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022091
Abstract(253) PDF(56)
Abstract:
Twenty three Indocalamus species were taken as the research plants, and their introduction survival rate, shooting period rhythm and status of new bamboo growth in Chengdu were compared. Meanwhile their adaptabilities were comprehensively evaluated by using the membership function method. The results showed that: (1) Except for I. kerklotsii, the survival rate of the other 22 species was 100%; the shooting rhythm of 23 Indocalamus species in Chengdu area can be divided into three types: early shooting type (Feb. to Mar. at the peak of shoot emergence), middle shooting type (Mar. to Apr. at the peak of shoot emergence) and late shooting type (Mar. to May at the peak of shoot emergence). (2) The average shooting rate and new bamboo rate of 23 Indocalamus species in the following year were 78.34% and 67.35%; at the initial stage of introduction, I. jinpingensis had the strongest reproductive ability (shooting rate 171.34% and new bamboo rate 155.82%), and I. victorialis had the lowest (shooting rate 5.79% and new bamboo rate 5.79%). (3) The average plant height, ground diameter, single leaf area and average leaf area index of bamboo clumps of 23 Indocalamus species in the next year of introduction were 40.59 cm, 0.46 cm, 79.99 cm2 and 3.63, respectively. The single leaf area of 23 Indocalamus species can be divided into 4 types: large leaves, large-medium leaves, medium-small leaves and small leaves. (4) The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of 23 Indocalamus species showed large difference. The average net photosynthetic rate was 12.55 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1, the highest was I. pedalis (15.78 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1), and the lowest was I. longiauritus (6.11 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1); the average chlorophyll content was 3.03 mg·g-1, the highest was I. victorialis (4.55 mg·g-1), and the lowest was I. latifolius (2.16 mg·g-1). (5) Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the new bamboo rate, leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of 23 Indocalamus species, it is considered that the top 4 bamboo species ranked in the mean value of membership function have shown good cultivation adaptability in the early stage of introduction, namely I. decorus 0.843, I. pedalis 0.798, I. jinpingensis 0.710 and I. guangdongensis var. mollis 0.703, which can be planted as superior dwarf bamboo species and leaf-use bamboo resources in Chengdu Plain.
Relationship between Functional Traits of Fine Roots and Rhizosphere Soil Nutrients of 8 Ornamental Bamboos in Western Shandong Province
LI Dan, WANG Jie-hui, HU De-yue, LI Xu-dong, ZHANG Zhong-feng, LI Xia, ZHANG Zhong-chao, LU Xing-hui, ZHAO Hong-xia
2022, 41(3): 63-71. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022086
Abstract(199) PDF(48)
Abstract:
Underground ecological adaptation strategies of different bamboo species were investigated in order to reveal the relationship between functional traits of fine roots and rhizosphere soil of ornamental bamboo species in urban areas of northern China. Taking 8 ornamental bamboo species in Liaocheng Bamboo Garden of Shandong Province as research subjects, samples of root system and rhizosphere soil were obtained in consecutive soil layers of 10 cm in depth below the soil surface. The soil physical and chemical properties and the morphological parameters of fine roots were determined. The results showed that (1) The soil nutrient content of different bamboo species varied greatly and decreased with the increase of soil depth. The contents of organic matter, total N, available P and available K in the 0~10 cm soil layer of Phyllostachys bambusoides and Phyllostachys glauca were higher, but those of Phyllostachys aureosulcata McClure ‘Spectabilis’, Phyllostachys bissetii and Oligostachyum lubricum were lower. (2) The correlation between fine root morphological parameters of different bamboo species was significant, with clear vertical distribution pattern. Fine root biomass was significantly and positively correlated with total root length, root surface area, root volume, and fine root length density. Root tissue density was significantly and negatively correlated with specific root length, specific root surface area, and fine root length density. P. bambusoides and P. glauca had higher fine root biomass and root tissue density, while P. bissetii and O. lubricum had higher specific root length and specific root surface area. (3) Fine root biomass, total root length, root surface area, root volume, and fine root length density were significantly and positively correlated with contents of soil organic matter and total N. The content of available K made the highest contribution (34.2%) to the fine root morphological variation. P. bambusoides and P. glauca have good environmental adaptability and can be effectively used for urban greening in northern China. An appropriate increase in the fertility of top soil is beneficial to the growth of fine roots.
Root Functional Characters of Different Bamboo Species and Their Correlation with Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Coal Mining Subsidence Area of Central Shandong Province
WANG Jie-hui, LI Dan, ZHANG Wei-li, LI Xu-dong, ZHANG Zhong-feng, LI Xia, ZHANG Zhong-chao, ZHAO Hong-xia
2022, 41(3): 72-79. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022063
Abstract(216) PDF(36)
Abstract:
In order to reveal the adaptability of different bamboo species to soil environment in coal mining subsidence area, the root functional characters of four bamboo species and their relationship with soil physical and chemical properties were studied in Baizhu Garden in coal mining subsidence area of Shiheng Town, Feicheng City, Shandong Province. The results showed: (1) Soil moisture content and available potassium content were significantly and positively correlated with root length density and root surface density, but significantly and negatively correlated with root tissue density (P<0.05). pH value and organic matter content were significantly and positively correlated with specific root length and specific root surface area, but significantly and negatively correlated with root tissue density and average root diameter (P<0.05). (2) The total root length density (737.784 m·m-3) and root surface area density (1.121 m2·m-3) of Phyllostachys glauca were the highest, indicating this bamboo species had the strongest ability to absorb nutrients and water. The specific root length (5.213 m·g-1) and specific root surface area (66.214 cm2·g-1) of Phyllostachys aureosulcata ‘Spectabilis’ were the largest, indicating the highest resource acquisition rate. The high root tissue density and low specific root length can be the resource acquisition strategy of Phyllostachys glauca as it's adapted to the soil environment. (3) There was a significant positive correlation between root biomass and root length density or root surface density (P<0.05). Total root biomass of Phyllostachys glauca was significantly higher than that of the other bamboo species. It was concluded that Phyllostachys glauca could control soil erosion in coal mining subsidence area by increasing root biomass and dense root network system.
Current Situation and Management Strategy of Bamboo Resources in Yong'an River Basin in Xianju County of Zhejiang Province
KE Zhi-jun, CHEN Li-xing
2022, 41(3): 80-84. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022048
Abstract(214) PDF(96)
Abstract:
Yong'an River basin is one of the key bamboo distribution areas in Xianju County. The bamboo forests there cover an area of 1 847.1 hm2 and there are 6 genera and 32 species (including varieties). The diversity of bamboo species is relatively high, and bamboo has become an important component of forest vegetation in Yong'an River basin. Through field investigation, this paper systematically analyzes some critical problems in this region, such as senescence of bamboo forest, insufficient scientific management and serious degradation of ecological functions, and puts forward technical measures suitable for cultivating bamboo forests as well as tapping their potentials of ecological functions in different locations. It aims to facilitate the construction of bamboo culture corridor in the river basin, improve bamboo's ecological functions such as flood control and soil erosion prevention, enhance the incomes of local farmers and promote rural revitalization. Meanwhile, this study provides a reference for the scientific management of bamboo resources in river basins.
Aesthetic Features and Hierarchical Analysis of Bamboo Weaving in Qingshen County, Sichuan Province
GAO Wen, ZHANG Xiao-wei
2022, 41(3): 85-92. doi: 10.12390/jbr2022032
Abstract(284) PDF(65)
Abstract:
The aesthetic issue of traditional craftsmanship is studied using field investigation, aesthetic theory and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).According to the aesthetic principles of social beauty, natural beauty and artistic beauty, through the investigation into the inheritance and development history of Qingshen bamboo weaving, its aesthetic features can be expressed in six aspects, namely, the beauty of craftsmanship, the beauty of inheritance, the beauty of material, the beauty of environment, the beauty of shape and the beauty of implication. It is the precious wealth inherited by many generations of Qingshen craftsmen, which summarizes the natural simplicity, superb craftsmanship and abstract cultural aesthetic conception of the bamboo weaving products in Qingshen County. The calculation results of AHP show that the renowned weaving skills and the humanized natural attributes are the most distinguished aesthetic features of bamboo weaving in Qingshen County. The beauty of material is the intuitive expression, and the beauty of shape is the sublimation of the super skills. The beauty of implication is derived from the beauty of material and the beauty of craftmanship, which also expresses the accumulation of folk customs, aesthetic symbols and perceptual ideas through specific perceptual images or artistic conception, and becomes a manifestation of free beauty beyond materials and shapes. Policy attributes an important role on the aesthetic features of bamboo weaving in Qingshen County. Competition within the industry has a greater impact on social beauty. The impact on artistic beauty is mostly determined by market conditions, and the competition outside the industry exceeds the competition within the industry.

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