2020 Vol. 39, No. 4

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Review and Prospect of Introduction and Breeding of Bamboo in Beijing Gardens
FENG Xiao-hu, ZHAI Zhi-zhong, WU Liang-ru
2020, 39(4): 1-13.
Abstract(490) PDF(55)
Abstract:
Bamboo has been planted in gardens in Beijing for at least 850 years, and has became a type of normal ornamental plants in Beijing. Nowadays, it is still used in many landscapes in this city. Different from other kind of plants, bamboo has multiple values in Beijing, such as history, culture and landscape. This article reviewed bamboo application in Beijing from 4 aspects, i.e., planting history, landscape using, species resources and bamboo research. This may provide some references for further progress of bamboo in the city.
The Longitudinal Tensile Properties of Bamboo Units with Different Scales
WANG Xian-ke, FANG Chang-hua, LIU Rong, ZHANG Shu-qin, CHEN Hong, FEI Ben-hua
2020, 39(4): 14-24.
Abstract(727) PDF(88)
Abstract:
Bamboo belongs to Bambusoideae, being multi-noded, hollow, and thick wall, etc. Bamboo has excellent mechanical properties, and is a biological composite with high strength, high toughness and high ductility. Bamboo is composed of fiber, parenchyma tissue and conductive tissue cells. The fiber cells play a bearing role, and the tensile strength of bamboo is mainly provided by fiber. The parenchyma cells transport and store nutrients and transfer loads. The transport tissue cells mainly transport nutrients, water and inorganic salts and play a stress supporting role. In this paper, the research results of longitudinal tensile properties of bamboo at different scales, i.e., macroscopic, tissue, cell and cell wall scale, were reviewed, and the characteristics and differences of mechanical properties at different scales, as well as the significance of engineering application, were analyzed. This may provide a reference for further study on the multi-scale tensile mechanical properties of bamboo.
Research Progress of Bamboo Tissue Culture Based on Bibliometric Analysis
LI Xue-mei, LV Dan-dan, ZHANG Wen-gen, CHEN Tian-guo, YANG Guang-yao
2020, 39(4): 25-33.
Abstract(435) PDF(57)
Abstract:
Tissue culture is one of the important methods for the rapid propagation of bamboo plants. Based on the CNKI and WOS databases, in this article, bibliometric analysis and statistical methods were used to conduct an in-depth study of the number of publications, time, region, genera and species, types of tissue culture, and explant selection of bamboo tissue culture during 1960-2020. The results showed that the bamboo tissue culture researches were mainly conducted in developing countries, because of the distribution of bamboo species, population structure, and economic and technological development level, and research authors and institutions presented the characteristics of local gathering and global dispersion. The most studied bamboo species were Dendrocalamus, Bambusa and Phyllostachys species, this was related to their characteristics, uses and tissue culture techniques. Bamboo tissue culture types were mainly based on the following three kinds of methods, i.e., bud propagation, embryo culture and callus regeneration plants. Disinfectant mercury chloride, ethanol and sodium hypochlorite solution, medium MS, 3/4MS and 1/2MS, growth regulator BA, IBA and NAA, etc. had wide adaptability to bamboo tissue culture process.
Research Progress of Endophytes in Bamboo
WANG Xiao-jing, LI Lu-bin, WANG Tao
2020, 39(4): 34-39.
Abstract(451) PDF(51)
Abstract:
In recent years, the researches on plant endophytes have gradually attracted people's attention. The studies on bamboo endophytes have great significance to the cultivation of bamboo forests, the maintenance of bamboo forest ecosystems and the development of bamboo industry. This article reviewed the the diversity and biological functions of bamboo endophytes to provide a reference for related research.
The Development Trend of Important Performance Evaluation of Bamboo and Wooden Craft Chopsticks
HAO Xiang-yang, YUAN Shao-fei, WANG Hong-yan, YANG Liu, ZHANG Jian, LI Qin
2020, 39(4): 40-47.
Abstract(356) PDF(41)
Abstract:
With the increasing public awareness of environmental protection, as well as the abundance of raw materials and the advancement of processing technology, bamboo and wood chopsticks that can be reused many times have become increasingly popular among consumers at domestic and abroad, and have developed rapidly. This article introduced the current research status of product performance of bamboo and wood chopsticks, focused on the size performance, physical and chemical properties, microbiological index, usage performance and their test methods, and analyzed the main problems in the development of bamboo and wood chopsticks industry in detail. Some targeted suggestions were put forward for its healthy development in the future.
A Study on Veneer Technology and Properties of Bamboo Charcoal Board
SHAO Yuan-chao, LIN Jin-tian, CHEN Jie, ZHANG Wen-biao, ZHAN Xian-xu, SHEN Yu-yan
2020, 39(4): 48-54.
Abstract(538) PDF(49)
Abstract:
In order to improve the appearance quality of bamboo charcoal board, enhance its mechanical properties, and expand its range of use, an orthogonal experiment was conducted, in which, the bamboo charcoal plate was used as the base material, the technological wood veneer, bamboo skin and impregnated paper were selected as cover materials, the isocyanate was used as adhesive, the cold-press process was adopted, and the infrared spectrum was used to analyze the interface. The results showed that:(1) the range of three kinds of optimal technology of surface lining was as follows:gelatinizing volume 110-130 g·m-2, curing time 5-10 h, cold pressing time 1.5-3.5 h, cold pressing pressure 1 to 2 MPa. (2) the bending strength and elastic modulus of the bamboo charcoal board increased significantly after veneering, and the performance of water content, water absorption thickness, expansion rate, dimensional stability and other properties were in line with the requirements of GB/T 24137-2009 "Wood Plastic Decoration Board".(3) through infrared spectrum analysis, it can be seen that the adhesive was physically combined with the interface of bamboo charcoal board, wood and bamboo wood, and chemically combined with the interface of impregnated paper.
Effects of Soil Types on Nitrogen Runoff of Phyllostachys edulis Forests
YANG Jie, ZHENG Rong, WEN Xiao-yun, WU Cheng-wen, ZHENG Rui-yu, HUANG Huai-Qing
2020, 39(4): 55-63.
Abstract(437) PDF(69)
Abstract:
Phyllostachys edulis is an excellent bamboo species, this study aims to research the effect of soil types on nitrogen runoff of Phyllostachys edulis forests, and improve soil nitrogen management level. Typical Phyllostachys edulis forests in yellow-red soil and red soil areas were selected, eighteen runoff fields were established and the NH4+-N, NO3--N, TN, TP in runoff samples were tested. The result showed that in yellow-red soil Phyllostachys edulis plantation the contents of NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN in runoff water were 0.26~0.71 mg·L-1, 0.36~1.63 mg·L-1and 0.93~3.89 mg·L-1, respectively, and in red soil Phyllostachys edulis plantation the contents of NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN in runoff water were 0.12~0.47 mg·L-1, 0.34~0.90 mg·L-1 and 0.91~2.68 mg·L-1, respectively. On the contrary, the annual runoff amount of red soil was higher than that of yellow red soil. In yellow-red soil Phyllostachys edulis plantation, the average runoff amount of NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN were 1.54~9.35 g hm-2, 2.78~10.41 g·hm-2 and 8.09~31.54 g·hm-2, respectively, and in red soil Phyllostachys edulis plantation, the average runoff amount of NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN were 3.72~13.20 g·hm-2, 6.94~24.75 g hm-2 and 26.18~65.72 g·hm-2, respectively. There were significant correlations between TN and NH4+-N, NO3--N and TP (P<0.001). If the annual average runoff amount of 301.26 g·hm-2 and 22.46 g·hm-2 for TN and TP has been used to calculate the TN and TP runoff in Phyllostachys edulis plantation in China, the total loss of nitrogen and phosphorus from Phyllostachys edulis plantation under intensive management in China was 289.21 t·y-1 and 21.56 t·y-1, respectively, accounting for 0.0107% and 0.0076% of the total annual emission of nitrogen and phosphorus for the whole country. In sum, red soil was more prone to loss nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients than yellow-red soil, and it is necessary to improve the management level in Phyllostachys edulis plantation. This may provide a theoretical reference for the precise nitrogen management of Phyllostachys edulis plantation.
Effects of Arbor Canopy Closure on the Distribution and Growth of Understory Natural Qiongzhuea tumidinoda
BAI Zu-yun, HU Hong-xiang, YANG Shu-kai, LI Changwei
2020, 39(4): 64-69.
Abstract(436) PDF(45)
Abstract:
Shuifu city is one of the areas with concentrated distribution of Qiongzhu resources in Zhaotong City. Through the investigation of randomly arranged quadrats of Shuifu natural Qiongzhu forest, the effects of canopy density of arbor forest on the ground diameter, height, density and distribution of Qiongzhu were statistically analyzed. The canopy density of arbor forest most suitable for the growth of Qiongzhu was 0.3-0.4. The canopy density of arbor forest had no significant effect on the ground diameter and height of Qiongzhu under the forest, but had a significant effect on the density of Qiongzhu under the forest.
Ecological Adaptability of Mixed Forests of Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa Species
LIN Zhi-yu, ZHOU Xin, GUO Yang, TAN Xiao-yang, YU Xue-jun
2020, 39(4): 70-75.
Abstract(426) PDF(44)
Abstract:
This article mainly discussed the feasibility and suitable environment of the mixed forests of Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa species. By comparing the suitable environment of Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa Species with the ecological environment of Junlian County, Yibin City, it was showed that the suitable altitude of Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa species mixed forests in subtropical region was 600-1 000 m; the soil pH was 4.7-7.0, the soil was loose and moist, preferably loam or sandy loam rich in organic matter, with a thickness of more than 80 cm. The annual precipitation of the plot was more than 800 mm, the precipitation in April was about 100 mm, the precipitation from early April to early June was about 400 mm, and the precipitation in July, August and September was more than 100 mm in a single month. The average annual temperature was 12-16℃, the average temperature in January was 4-8℃, the extreme low temperature was above -17℃, and the average temperature in July was 16-25℃. It was foggy all year round and the humidity was above 80%.The plots that meet the above conditions can be considered for the construction of mixed forests of Phyllostachys edulis and Chimonobambusa species. At the same time, in Junlian County, Yibin City, it can also been considered to plant Chimonobambusa under Phyllostachys edulis forests at an altitude of 600-1 000 m, so as to further increase the production of bamboo materials, bamboo shoots and other bamboo raw materials without occupying other land resources, and to generate income for local bamboo farmers.
Biomass of Oxytenanthera abyssinica in Benishangul-Gumuz State of Ethiopia
YIN Zhun-sheng, ZHENG Yun-feng, KANG Le
2020, 39(4): 76-79.
Abstract(487) PDF(36)
Abstract:
Oxytenanthera abyssinica is one of the main bamboo resources in Ethiopia, which has high economic value and building material value. Taking 1-3 year-old Oxytenanthera abyssinica in Bengshanggul-Gumaz State as the research object, the biomass distribution was studied to provide a theoretical basis for its management and utilization. Under single factor condition, the regression curve of DBH and culm weight was y=-0.173D3+2.33D2-6.09D+5.63, and the fitting equation of culm weight and culm height was y=10.14-3.89H+0.55H2-0.02H3, when the DBH and culm height are known, the function y=0.000 7(DH)2+0.200 4(DH)-0.62 is fitted.
GIS-based Landscape Ecological Evaluation of Bamboo Forest Park-A Case Study of Yixing Bamboo Sea
JIANG Xiao-yu, FAN Shao-hui, HUANG Lan-ying, WANG Shu-mei, GUAN Feng-ying
2020, 39(4): 80-89.
Abstract(501) PDF(48)
Abstract:
This paper aims to explore the role of GIS technology in evaluating the ecological restoration and green development of bamboo forest parks under the constraints of landscape resources and ecological environment carrying capacity, and to select suitable recreation space for bamboo forest parks. It is hoped to put forward some suggestions for the landscape protection of bamboo park recreation space and the development and construction of bamboo resources. With the support of GIS technology, the spatial attribute database of bamboo landscape ecological evaluation index in Yixing Bamboo Sea Scenic Spot was established, the weight of evaluation index was obtained by AHP method, and the weighted overlay analysis was carried out by grid operation module. Through the combination and extraction of four components of Sa, St, Sd and Sc, the comprehensive evaluation of visual sensitivity of bamboo landscape in the recreation space of Yixing Bamboo Sea was obtained. The areas of the first, second, third and fourth grade sensitive areas were 2.92 hm2, 11.63 hm2, 243.34 hm2 and 220.14 hm2, respectively. Five factors, i.e., elevation, slope, aspect, land use and hydrology, were selected for AHP and weighted overlay analysis to evaluate the ecological sensitivity of recreation space construction in Yixing Bamboo Sea. The areas of high, middle and low sensitive areas are 174.33 hm2, 228.38 hm2 and 75.85 hm2 respectively. Any construction activities that may interfere with or destroy the landscape should be avoided in the first-level visual sensitive area. In the secondary visual sensitive area, it is suitable to create beautiful bamboo forest landscape and cultural landscape, and form a good landscape ecological environment. The third-level visual sensitive area may provide a basis for the construction of bamboo forest recreation space, path, and rest area and other development activities. The fourth-level visual sensitive area forms the high-quality bamboo scenery resources in the forest park, which should be well protected. The highly sensitive area is mainly to maintain the ecological balance of bamboo parks. In the middle sensitive areas, it is suitable for carrying out rehabilitation activities in the mode of climatic topography therapy + environmental therapy, that is, walking in the bamboo forest. In the low sensitive areas, centralized construction of bamboo forest recreation facilities can be considered, but the architectural style should be coordinated with the surrounding environment. For tourist activities entering various bamboo scenic spots, attention should be paid to the constraints of eco-environmental capacity on human activities and to maintain the adjustment ability and cultural function of bamboo park ecosystem.
A Preliminary Study on Characteristics and Ecological Value of Yunnan National Bamboo Culture
LI Fa-ying, SONG Qin, DONG Wen-yuan
2020, 39(4): 90-94.
Abstract(399) PDF(50)
Abstract:
Yunnan is the main distribution area of bamboo, which plays an important role in environmental protection, economic construction and cultural implication. Bamboo has also become important means of subsistence of the 25 ethnic minorities in Yunnan. Throughout history, the people of ethnic minorities not only have used bamboo, but also have taken care, nurtured and praised it, accumulating profound national bamboo culture in the process of bamboo utilization and protection. The paper systematically expounded the basic connotation of Yunnan national bamboo culture, summarized the significant characteristics of bamboo culture, analyzed the ecological value containing in the national bamboo culture and its era significance, and provided some thinking and references for further systematic cognition of Yunnan national bamboo culture and the construction of ecological civilization.

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