Study on Growth Characteristics of Lateral Rhizome Bud of Phyllostachys edulis
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摘要: 【目的】研究毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)竹鞭侧芽分化、生长规律对于提高竹笋和竹材的产量都具有重要价值。【方法】通过地下挖掘和地上调查的方法对大年毛竹鞭侧芽生长规律进行研究。【结果】鞭侧芽总数552 433个·hm-2，其中萌发芽19 433个·hm-2；未覆盖竹林出土竹笋3 543个·hm-2，成竹1 479株·hm-2；覆盖竹林出土竹笋20 550个·hm-2；75.80%的退笋高度不足30 cm，85.81%的退笋根系入土不足10 cm，87.85%的退笋无根或少根，12.15%的退笋根系发达。【结论】毛竹笋芽分化率低并且启动分化时间具有不均一性，覆盖栽培不能显著增加竹鞭侧芽分化数量，根系在笋芽成竹过程中起到关键作用。诱导休眠竹鞭侧芽分化和增加竹笋根系发育的营林措施能显著提高竹林产出。Abstract: 【Objective】 Research on the lateral rhizome bud differentiation and growth of Phyllostachys edulis is important for improving the yield of shoot and bamboo timber. 【Method】 The growth of rhizome lateral buds in on-year was studied by means of underground excavation and above-ground investigation. 【Result】 The results showed that rhizome lateral buds were 552 433 individual·hm-2，including 19 433 individual·hm-2 sprouted shoots，of which 3 543 individual·hm-2 shoots sprouted out of the ground and 1 479 individual·hm-2 have grown into bamboo. 20 550 individual·hm-2 sprouted shoots from mulched bamboo forests, and height of 75.80% of the abortive bamboo shoots was less than 30 cm，while the depth of the bamboo roots into the soil of 85.81% of the abortive bamboo shoots was within 10 cm，87.85% of the abortive bamboo shoots had fewer roots or no roots，and 12.15% abortive bamboo shoots had robust roots. 【Conclusion】 The bud differentiation of Ph. edulis is discontinuous and the germination rate is low. Mulching cultivation cannot significantly increase the number of lateral bud which differentiate，and the root plays a key role in the process of bamboo shoot formation. Therefore，inducing the lateral bud differentiation and increasing the root development can significantly improve the output of bamboo forests.
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Key words:
- Phyllostachys edulis /
- Lateral rhizome bud /
- Differentiation /
- Abortive bamboo shoots
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