Abstract: Yong'an River basin is one of the key bamboo distribution areas in Xianju County. The bamboo forests there cover an area of 1 847.1 hm² and there are 6 genera and 32 species (including varieties). The diversity of bamboo species is relatively high, and bamboo has become an important component of forest vegetation in Yong'an River basin. Through field investigation, this paper systematically analyzes some critical problems in this region, such as senescence of bamboo forest, insufficient scientific management and serious degradation of ecological functions, and puts forward technical measures suitable for cultivating bamboo forests as well as tapping their potentials of ecological functions in different locations. It aims to facilitate the construction of bamboo culture corridor in the river basin, improve bamboo's ecological functions such as flood control and soil erosion prevention, enhance the incomes of local farmers and promote rural revitalization. Meanwhile, this study provides a reference for the scientific management of bamboo resources in river basins.