Analysis of Precipitation Redistribution and Hydrological Effect in Bamboo Forest
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摘要: 分析了毛竹林内降水再分配过程,旨在了解毛竹林生态系统的降水分配规律和竹林水文效应,为优化毛竹生态经济型栽培提供依据。结果表明:毛竹林的叶、枝、秆和竹林下枯枝落叶层均可吸附一定量的大气降水,并有效缓解大气降水对林地表面的直接冲蚀和地表径流的产生,减少水土流失机率。但是,毛竹纯林对降水的截留量和截留率与其它不同类型的森林相比优势并不明显,特别是集约经营的毛竹林,由于林下缺少灌木或草丛,凋落物和枯枝落叶层积聚较少,蓄水能力较差。因此,在毛竹生态经济栽培经营过程中,应当注意保护林下灌丛植被,并根据不同立地条件(坡度、土壤质地、土壤结构等),确定适宜的立竹密度、营造竹阔混交林。Abstract: In order to understand the precipitation distribution law and hydrological effect of bamboo forest ecosystem, the precipitation redistribution process in bamboo forest was analyzed, which may provide basis for optimizing eco-economic planting of bamboo forest. The results showed that the soil erosion was reduced because bamboo leaves, branches, culms and ground litter were all able to retain a certain amount of atmospheric precipitation and effectively alleviate the direct erosion of the land caused by the rainfall and surface runoff. However, compared with other different types of forests, pure bamboo forests didn't have significant advantages in terms of precipitation interception and interception rate. Especially for the intensively managed bamboo forests, there were almost no shrubs or grasses in the forests, and the accumulation of litter was much less than that in the wild bamboo forests, which led to poor water retention capability. Therefore, in the eco-economic management of bamboo forests, it is of great importance to preserve and protect undergrowth shrubs and other vegetation. Meanwhile, the proper plant density of bamboo forests shall be determined and the mixed forests of bamboo and broadleaved shall be established according to different environmental conditions, such as slope, soil texture, soil structure, etc.
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