Abstract: The manufacturing processes involved in plastic button production，including the processing，molding，and post-processing of raw materials，cause certain pollution to the environment. The popularization of green environmental protection concepts and the evolution in the apparel and fashion industry have led to the new demands for innovation and transformation in the button-making industry. The Chinese government，in collaboration with the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization，launched the Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic Initiative in November 2022，aiming at reducing plastic pollution and addressing climate changes. Bamboo buttons，an archetypal product of this drive，offer advantages in terms of resources，industry，markets，and environmental protection while also serving as a tangible representation of the traditional Chinese culture，such as bamboo and clothing. This paper provided an overview of button types，market status，and the industrial advantages and economic analysis of bamboo buttons as alternatives to plastic buttons. The processing techniques，fundamental properties，and key technological challenges in bamboo button production were discussed. Moreover，the paper addressed the deficiencies in the current bamboo button industry by proposing recommendations and prospects for strengthening policy support，promoting technological transformation，innovating processing technologies，and facilitating the integration of traditional culture and exploration of consumer markets. The objective of this review is to fulfill goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality，implement the Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic Initiative，and provide new approaches for developing a human community with a shared future and China’s green and modernized industries.