Identification of Key Areas of Visual Landscape in Yixing Bamboo Sea Based on Sensitivity-Subjective Preference Matrix
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摘要: 为识别宜兴竹海视觉景观的关键区域，以江苏省宜兴市宜兴竹海森林公园为研究区域，把宜兴竹海聚集人群较多的11个观景平台为研究对象，运用ArcMap10.2处理视觉敏感度的3个客观分量——相对坡度（Sa）、相对距离（Sd）和出现几率（St），对景观视觉敏感度进行分析，使用美景度评价法（SBE法）获得70名专业人员的主观偏好评分值，综合GIS和SBE法的评分结果，采用重要性-表现分析法（IPA法）构建研究区视觉景观的敏感度-主观偏好矩阵，将宜兴竹海划分为4个视觉景观区域并依据分区结果对竹林景观保护、景区规划管理提供依据。由结果可知：百竹园、嬉水池观景平台的景观敏感度、主观偏好评分双高，属于宜兴竹海的"视觉景观关键区"，苏南第一峰、寂照禅寺观景平台的主观偏好评分高、景观敏感度低，属于"景观自然发展区"，太湖之源、入口广场、冒龙池观景平台的景观敏感度高、主观偏好评分低，属于"景观优先改进区"，索桥凌波、观瀑阁、赏竹亭观景平台的景观敏感度、偏好评价双低，属于"景观次优先改进区"。构建矩阵兼顾主客观因素对视觉景观优劣进行评价，使用GIS空间分析量化抽象的竹林视觉景观数据，主观偏好评分法反映公众对竹林视觉效果的真实感受，为旅游区景观视觉评价及关键区识别提供方法。Abstract: In order to identify the key areas of visual landscape in Yixing Bamboo Sea,this paper focused on 11 viewing platforms,where large crowds gathered,in Yixing Bamboo Sea Provincial Forest Park,Jiangsu Province. ArcMap10.2 was used to deal with the three objective components of visual sensitivity,i.e. relative slope (Sa),relative distance (Sd) and probability of occurrence (St),and the landscape visual sensitivity was analyzed. The subjective preference scores of 70 professionals were obtained by using the beauty evaluation method (SBE method),and the results of GIS and SBE methods were combined,the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method was used to construct the sensitivity-subjective preference matrix of the visual landscape in the study area. The 11 viewing platforms in Yixing Bamboo Sea were divided into four visual landscape categories,and relevant suggestions for landscape protection,scenic spot planning and management were made accordingly. The results showed that the landscape sensitivity and subjective preference scores of the Bamboo Botanical Garden and Leisure Pool were high,being the "visual landscape key area". The First Peak in Southern Jiangsu and Jizhao Zen Temple had high subjective preference score and low landscape sensitivity,being the "natural development area". The Source of Taihu Lake,Entrance Square and Dragon Pool (a spring at the top of Mount Jade Maiden) had high landscape sensitivity and low subjective preference score,being the "priority improvement area". The landscape sensitivity and preference score of Lingbo Cable Bridge,Waterfall Pavilion and Bamboo Pavilion were low,they belonged to the "sub-priority improvement area". Through the construction of the matrix,both subjective and objective aspects were taken into account to evaluate the visual landscape,the GIS spatial analysis quantified the abstract visual landscape data,and the subjective preference score reflected the public's real feeling about the visual landscape quality. This may provide a method for landscape visual evaluation and key area identification in tourist areas.
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Key words:
- GIS /
- landscape visual sensitivity /
- subjective preference /
- key area of visual landscape
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